Efektifitas Aromaterapi dalam Menurunkan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Preoperasi: Studi Literatur
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Periode pre operasi dikenal sebagai pencetus kecemasan dan masih menjadi masalah besar. Aromaterapi dipilih sebagai terapi alternatif terhadap penurunan kecemasan pasien pre operasi bedah mayor karena merupakan metode terapi sederhana, non-invasif, aman dan efektif. Tujuan literature review ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas aromaterapi dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien preoperasi.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan metode pencarian artikel menggunakan PICOC question pada database Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest dan Science Direct. Penelusuran dibatasi pada artikel teks lengkap, berbahasa Indonesia dan Inggris, yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2016-2020 didapatkan 10 artikel yang terpilih, kemudian dilakukan identifikasi dan screening.
Hasil: Hasil Analisis dari 10 artikel menunjukkan 60% mengalami penurunan tingkat kecemasan setelah pemberian aromaterapi pada pasien pre operasi. Sebanyak 80% artikel menunjukkna bahwa pemberian aroma terapi dilakukan selama 10-20 menit dan 80 % menggunakaan sediaan inhaler (hirup). artikel menunjukkan hasil analisis statistic 100% nilai sigifikansi p<0.05.
Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan 10 artikel yang di review membutikan pemberian aromaterapi efektif menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pre operasi yang dibuktikan secara uji statistic melalui alat ukur tingkat kecemasan sebelum dan sesudah terapi.
References
Abate, s. M., chekol, y. A., & basu, b. (2020). Global prevalence and determinants of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of surgery open, 25, 6–16. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijso.2020.05.010
Ayik, c., & özden, d. (2018). The effects of preoperative aromatherapy massage on anxiety and sleep quality of colorectal surgery patients: a randomized controlled study. Complementary therapies in medicine, 36(november 2017), 93–99. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2017.12.002
Babashi, m., fayazi, s., & rezaei, m. (2011). The effect of inhalation aromatherapy on anxiety level of the patients in preoperative period. Ijnmr, 16(211), 278–283.
Beyliklioğlu, a., & arslan, s. (2018). Effect of lavender oil on the anxiety of patients before breast surgery. Journal of perianesthesia nursing, 34(3), 587–593. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2018.10.002
Damayanti, r., maria, l., & firdaus, d. A. (2022). Perbedaan tingkat kecemasan pasien antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi preop di ruang lawu, rsud dr. Saiful anwar malang. 13, 410–415.
Demsa, & simbolon. (2021). Literature review untuk penelitian kesehatan. In angewandte chemie international edition, 6(11), 951–952. (cetakan 1). Bintang pustaka madani.
Eslami, j., ebrahimi, a., hosseinkhani, a., khazaei, z., & darvishi, i. (2018). The effect of aromatherapy using lavender (lavandula angustifolia miller) and citrus aurantium l. Extracts to treat anxiety of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized clinical trial in iran. Biomedical research and therapy, 5(3), 2096–2110. Https://doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v5i3.423
Farrar, a. J., & farrar, f. C. (2020). C l i n i c a l a ro m a t h e r a p y. In nursing clinics of na (vol. 55, issue 4). Elsevier inc. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2020.06.015
Franco, l., blanck, t. J. J., dugan, k., kline, r., shanmugam, g., galotti, a., von bergen granell, a., & wajda, m. (2016). Both lavender fleur oil and unscented oil aromatherapy reduce preoperative anxiety in breast surgery patients: a randomized trial. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 33, 243–249. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.02.032
Guo, p., li, p., zhang, x., liu, n., wang, j., yang, s., yu, l., & zhang, w. (2020). The effectiveness of aromatherapy on preoperative anxiety in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International journal of nursing studies, 111, 103747. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103747
Hosseini, s. A., heydari, a., vakili, m. A., moghadam, s., & tazyky, s. A. (2016). Effect of lavender essence inhalation on the level of anxiety and blood cortisol in candidates for open-heart surgery. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 21(4), 397–401. Https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.185582
Jaruzel, c. B., & gregoski, m. J. (2017). Instruments to measure preoperative acute situational anxiety: an integrative review. American association of nurse anesthetists., 31–35.
Jaruzel, c. B., gregoski, m., mueller, m., faircloth, a., & kelechi, t. (2018). Aromatherapy for preoperative anxiety: a pilot study. Journal of perianesthesia nursing, 34(2), 259–264. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2018.05.007
Kil, h. K., kim, w. O., chung, w. Y., kim, g. H., seo, h., & hong, j. (2012). Preoperative anxiety and pain sensitivity are independent predictors of propofol and sevoflurane requirements in general anaesthesia. 108(november 2011), 119–125. Https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aer305
Lemone, p., burke, k. M., t-jones, t. L., trudy, d., moxham, l., & searl, k. R. (2014). Medical-surgical nursing critical thinking for person-centred care-lemone/medical-surgical nursing 2e (2nd ed.).
Lindquist, r., tracy, m. F., & mariah snyder. (2018). Complementary and alternative therapies in nursing (t. Ruth lindquist (ed.); 8th ed.). Springer publishing company.
Mulugeta, h., ayana, m., sintayehu, m., dessie, g., & zewdu, t. (2018). Preoperative anxiety and associated factors among adult surgical patients in debre markos and felege hiwot referral hospitals, northwest ethiopia. Bmc anesthesiology [revista en internet] 2018 [acceso 25 de agosto de 2020]; 18(1): 1-9. Bmc anesthesiology, 18(155), 1–9.
Muzzarelli, l., force, m., & sebold, m. (2006). Aromatherapy and reducing preprocedural anxiety: a controlled prospective study. Gastroenterol nursing ., 2006. Https://doi.org/10.1097/00001610-200611000-00005
Nurdin, r. O. (2018). Pengaruh teknik relaksasi nafas dalam dan aromaterapi lavender untuk penurunan tingkat kecemasan pasien pre operasi apendiksitis. Jurnal media kesehatan, 11(1), 079–084. Https://doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v11i1.360
Pardede, j. A., simanjuntak, g. V., & manalu, n. H. (2020). Effectiveness of deep breath relaxation and lavender aromatherapy against preoperative patient anxiety. 17, 168–173. Https://doi.org/10.36648/206
Pasyar, n., rambod, m., & araghi, f. (2020). The effect of bergamot orange essence on anxiety, salivary cortisol, and alpha amylase in patients prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a controlled trial study. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 39(october 2019), 101153. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101153
Perry, r., terry, r., watson, l. K., & ernst, e. (2012). Is lavender an anxiolytic drug? A systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Phytomedicine, 19(8–9), 825–835. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.013
Prado-olivares, j., & chover-sierra, e. (2019). Preoperatory anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Diseases, 7(2), 46. Https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases7020046
Rajai, n., sajadi, s. A., teymouri, f., zareiyan, a., siavoshi, s., & malmir, m. (2016). The effect of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil on anxiety and stress in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Jundishapur journal of chronic disease care 2016 5:4, 5(4). Https://doi.org/10.17795/jjcdc-34035
Salehi, b., mnayer, d., özçelik, b., altin, g., kasapoǧlu, k. N., daskaya-dikmen, c., sharifi-rad, m., selamoglu, z., acharya, k., sen, s., matthews, k. R., fokou, p. V. T., sharopov, f., setzer, w. N., martorell, m., & sharifi-rad, j. (2018). Plants of the genus lavandula: from farm to pharmacy. Natural product communications, 13(10), 1385–1402. Https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801301037
Saritaş, s., kavak, f., & savaş, b. (2018). The effect of lavender oil on anxiety levels of patients before laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 32(april), 51–54. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.05.003
Seifi, z., beikmoradi, a., oshvandi, k., poorolajal, j., & araghchian, m. (2016). The effect of lavender essential oil on anxiety level in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Iran j nurs midwifery res, 19(6), 574-80.
Shirley, p. L. P. (2021). Aromatherapy for health professionals revised reprint - 5th edition (5th ed.). Elsevier health sciences.
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmad Rosuli, Ririn Mala Hapsari, Rudiyanto Rudiyanto, Hirdes Harlan Yuanto, Fajri Andi Rahmawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
