Personal Recovery Measurement Instruments for People with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review
Keywords:
measuring instruments, personal recovery, schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, scoping reviewAbstract
Personal recovery is an important dimension in the recovery of individuals with schizophrenia that cannot be fully captured through the measurement of clinical symptoms. Various instruments have been used, but their characteristics, domains, measurement properties, and contexts of use vary. This study aimed to map instruments for measuring personal recovery in individuals with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, including domains, psychometric evidence, intended use, service context, and cultural adaptation. We conducted a scoping review in accordance with PRISMA-ScR. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost for English-language publications from 2016 to 2026. Primary studies involving adults with schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorders that evaluated personal recovery instruments were included. Data were analyzed through descriptive mapping and narrative synthesis. Of the 261 records, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria and identified 8 instruments: SubRAS, RAS-DS, RAS, QPR/QPR-15-SP, MHRM, NEL, I.ROC, and RAS-G. Measurement properties vary across instruments. The MHRM demonstrates more balanced coverage of the CHIME dimensions than the RAS and NEL; the QPR focuses on the recovery experience; and the I.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment. The I.ROC is used for routine outcome assessment. No single instrument is universally the most appropriate. Instrument selection should consider the purpose of measurement, the domains of personal recovery, population characteristics, psychometric evidence, the service context, and cultural appropriateness.
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