Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Gastritis in Patients Visiting Royal Prima Hospital
Keywords:
gastritis, patients, prevalence, risk factors
Abstract
Introduction: Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining caused by Helicobacter pylori and can be acute or chronic. This bacteria colonizes the stomach of more than 50% of humans and causes disease. Gastritis still has a high prevalence and if left untreated can lead to serious complications, such as gastric ulcers, bleeding, and even gastric cancer.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with gastritis in patients visiting Royal Prima Medan Hospital.
Methods:This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted on 132 patients who visited Royal Prima Hospital with gastritis complaints. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square and Fisher), and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).
Results: This study reported a prevalence of gastritis of 64.9%. Associated risk factors were smoking status (OR=2.20, 95% CI, 1.18-4.09); p=0.014), coffee drinking (OR=8.26 95% CI, 3.92-17.37; p<0.001), diet (OR=12.44, 95% CI, 5.75-26.87; p<0.001).
Conclusions: Coffee drinking and diet are determinant factors of gastritis. Educating patients at risk of gastritis by reducing coffee consumption, quitting smoking, improving diet and other factors that can increase gastritis complications are efforts that must be made in preventing the increase in gastritis disease.
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References
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Salama, R. I., Emara, M. W., & Sharawy, S. M. El. (2021). Hazarders of Smoking and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection on Gastric Mucosa among Egyptian Patients with Dyspepsia. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 11(01), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojgas.2021.111001
Santoso, P. (2023). Coffee Consumption With The Incident Of Gastritis: Literature Review. Journal of Applied Nursing and Health, 5(2), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.55018/janh.v5i2.153
Sipponen, P., & Maaroos, H.-I. (2015). Chronic gastritis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 50(6), 657–667. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918
Smith, S., Fowora, M., & Pellicano, R. (2019). Infections with Helicobacter pylori and challenges encountered in Africa. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 25(25), 3183–3195. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3183
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Agbor, N. E., Esemu, S. N., Ndip, L. M., Tanih, N. F., Smith, S. I., & Ndip, R. N. (2018). Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastritis in West Cameroon: prevalence and risk factors for infection. BMC Research Notes, 11(1), 559. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3662-5
Agi, V. N., Ollor, O. A., Azike, C. A., & Naziga, D. B. (2022). The Prevalence Rate of Helicobacter pylori amongst Patients Presenting with Presumptive Gastritis in Rivers State, Nigeria Using Antigen Detection Method. Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2022/v22i730468
Ananthakrishnan, A. N., & Xavier, R. J. (2020). Gastrointestinal Diseases. In Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases (pp. 16–26). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-55512-8.00003-X
Bamba, C. C. A., Ngone, G. M., Salamata, D., Polèle, F. M., Aïssé, T. M., Gnagna, D., Louise, B. M., Daouda, D., & Mouhamadou, M. (2021). Gastritis: Sociodemographic, Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Aspects, about 593 Cases at the Digestive Endoscopy Unit of the General Hospital Idrissa Pouye. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 11(10), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojgas.2021.1110019
Byun, S. H., Min, C., Hong, S. J., Choi, H. G., & Koh, D. H. (2020). Analysis of the Relation between Periodontitis and Chronic Gastritis/Peptic Ulcer: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HEXA Data. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4387. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124387
Elseweidy, M. M. (2017). Brief Review on the Causes, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Treatment of Gastritis Disease. Alternative & Integrative Medicine, 06(01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2327-5162.1000231
Feyisa, Z. T., & Woldeamanuel, B. T. (2021). Prevalence and associated risk factors of gastritis among patients visiting Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE, 16(2), e0246619. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246619
Indah Agustiyani, & Isnaeni. (2024). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET AND GASTRITIS INCIDENCE AT SETU I HEALTH CENTER. Batavia Journal of Health Sciences, 8–13. https://doi.org/10.62898/nsdrph51
Isabella, C., Purba, H., Sari, S. P., & Padjadjaran, U. (2019). FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH GASTRITIS SYMPTOMS IN HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 2(4), 2463–2470. https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v2i4.250
Kemenkes RI. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar RIKESDAS.
Khandelwal, V., Deshmukh, S., & Aurangabadi, K. (2024). Epidemiology and Associated Risk Factors of Gastritis in Patients at District General Hospital, Amravati. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 14(2), 93–100. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240212
Li, Y., Su, Z., Li, P., Li, Y., Johnson, N., Zhang, Q., Du, S., Zhao, H., Li, K., Zhang, C., & Ding, X. (2020a). Association of Symptoms with Eating Habits and Food Preferences in Chronic Gastritis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5197201
Li, Y., Su, Z., Li, P., Li, Y., Johnson, N., Zhang, Q., Du, S., Zhao, H., Li, K., Zhang, C., & Ding, X. (2020b). Association of Symptoms with Eating Habits and Food Preferences in Chronic Gastritis Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020(1). https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5197201
Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Guo, Y., Tian, S., Wu, Y., Liu, C., Huang, X., Zhang, S., & Dong, W. (2024). Global burden and risk factors of gastritis and duodenitis: an observational trend study from 1990 to 2019. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52936-1
Novitayanti, E. (2023). HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN DENGAN SKALA NYERI PADA PASIEN GASTRITIS. Infokes: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekam Medis Dan Informatika Kesehatan, 13(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.47701/infokes.v13i1.2459
Patonah, S., Susanti, D. A., & Dewi, D. S. K. (2023). THE CORRELATION OF SMOKING WITH GASTRITIS INCIDENCE IN THE WORK AREA OF TRUCUK HEALTH CENTER TRUCUK DISTRICT, BOJONEGORO REGENCY. Well Being, 8(1), 36–43. https://doi.org/10.51898/wb.v8i1.191
Prasiwi, N. welandha. (2021). Relationship Between Diet with the Incidence of Gastritis at Patients Treated Roads the Internal Disease Poly Hospital Dr. R. Koesma Tuban. Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nahdlatul Ulama Tuban, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.47710/jp.v2i2.46
Salama, R. I., Emara, M. W., & Sharawy, S. M. El. (2021). Hazarders of Smoking and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Infection on Gastric Mucosa among Egyptian Patients with Dyspepsia. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 11(01), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojgas.2021.111001
Santoso, P. (2023). Coffee Consumption With The Incident Of Gastritis: Literature Review. Journal of Applied Nursing and Health, 5(2), 225–232. https://doi.org/10.55018/janh.v5i2.153
Sipponen, P., & Maaroos, H.-I. (2015). Chronic gastritis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 50(6), 657–667. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918
Smith, S., Fowora, M., & Pellicano, R. (2019). Infections with Helicobacter pylori and challenges encountered in Africa. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 25(25), 3183–3195. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3183
Suwindri, S., Tiranda, Y., & Cahya Ningrum, W. A. (2021). Faktor Penyebab Kejadian Gastritis di Indonesia : Literature Review. JKM : Jurnal Keperawatan Merdeka, 1(2), 209–223. https://doi.org/10.36086/jkm.v1i2.1004
Thrift, A. P., Jove, A. G., Liu, Y., Tan, M. C., & El-Serag, H. B. (2022). Associations of Duration, Intensity, and Quantity of Smoking With Risk of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 56(1), e71–e76. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001479
Yin, Y., Liang, H., Wei, N., & Zheng, Z. (2022). Prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis worldwide from 2010 to 2020: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 11(12), 3697–3703. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-1464
